Learn More About Red Light Therapy & Photobiomodulation
Musculoskeletal injuries and minor trauma in space: incidence and injury mechanisms in U.S. astronauts.[Aviat Space Environ Med. 2009]
Biostimulatory windows in low-intensity laser activation: lasers, scanners, and NASA's light-emitting diode array system.[J Clin Laser Med Surg. 2001]
Light-emitting diode treatment reverses the effect of TTX on cytochrome oxidase in neurons.[Neuroreport. 2001]
Biological effects of polychromatic light.[Photochem Photobiol. 2002]
Review Mitochondrial signaling in mammalian cells activated by red and near-IR radiation.[Photochem Photobiol. 2008]
Mitochondrial mechanisms of photobiomodulation in context of new data about multiple roles of ATP.[Photomed Laser Surg. 2010]
Relaxation of mammalian smooth muscles by visible and ultraviolet radiation.[Nature. 1968]
Endogenous NO regulates superoxide production at low oxygen concentrations by modifying the redox state of cytochrome c oxidase.[Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004]
Effects of low-level laser therapy (GaAs) in an animal model of muscular damage induced by trauma.[Lasers Med Sci. 2013]
Review Low level laser treatment of tendinopathy: a systematic review with meta-analysis.[Photomed Laser Surg. 2010]
Review A systematic review with procedural assessments and meta-analysis of low level laser therapy in lateral elbow tendinopathy (tennis elbow).[BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2008]
Review Low-level laser therapy in acute pain: a systematic review of possible mechanisms of action and clinical effects in randomized placebo-controlled trials.[Photomed Laser Surg. 2006]
Review Low-level laser therapy in acute pain: a systematic review of possible mechanisms of action and clinical effects in randomized placebo-controlled trials.[Photomed Laser Surg. 2006]
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in human progressive-intensity running: effects on exercise performance, skeletal muscle status, and oxidative stress.[Lasers Med Sci. 2012]
(1a), (2a) (3a) Discover Lasers.com Low Level Laser Therapy for Arthritis. )1/22/2017 Kalon Prensky
Sheuring RA, Mathers CH, Jones RA, et al. Musculo-skeletal injuries and minor trauma in space: incidence and injury mechanism in U.S. Astronauts. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2009;80:117–124. [PubMed]
NASA Tech Brief. Cold laser and LED therapy provide non-invasive treatment options. Medical Design Briegs. 20091–4.
Sommer AP, Pinheiro ALB, Mester AR, et al. Biostimulatory window in low-intensity laser activation: lasers, scanners and NASA’s light-emitting diode array system. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 2001;19:29–33. [PubMed]
Whelan HT, Smits RL, Buchman EV, et al. Effect of NASA light-emitting diode irradiation wound healing. J Clin Med Surg. 2001;19:305–314. [PubMed]
Whelan HT, Houle JM, Donohoe DL, et al. El-Genk Mohamed S., editor. Medical applications of space light-emitting diode technology-space station and beyond. CP 458, Space Technology and Applications International. Forum. 19993–15.
Wong-Riley MTT, Bai X, Buchmann E, et al. Light-emitting diode treatment reverses the effect of TTX on cytochrome oxidase in neurons. Neurochemistry. 2001;12:3033–3037. [PubMed]
Karu TI. Mitochondrial signaling in mammalian cells activated by red and near-IR radiation. Photochem Photobiol. 2008;84:1091–1099. [PubMed]
Ellt Jt. Wong-Riley MTT, Nerhaeve J, et al. Mitochondrial signal transduction in accelerated wound and retinal healing by near-infrared light therapy. Mitochondria. 2004;4:559–567. [PubMed]
Karu T. Mitochondrial mechanism of photobiomodulation in context of new data about multiple roles of DNA. Photomed Laser Surg. 2010;28:159–160. [PubMed]
Ehrreigh SJ, Furchatt RF. Relaxation of mammalian smooth muscles by visible and ultraviolet radiation. Nature. 1968;218:682–684. [PubMed]
Mitka M. 1998 Nobel Prize winners are announced: three discoveries of nitric oxide activity. J Am Med Assoc. 1998;280:1648. [PubMed]
Palacios-Callender M, Quintero M, Hollis VS, et al. Endogenous NO regulates superoxide production at low oxygen concentrations by modifying the redox states of cytochrome C oxidase. Proc Matl Acad Sci USA. 2004;101:7630–7365. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Sharma SK, Kharkwal GB, Sajo M, et al. Dose response effects of 810 nm laser light on mouse primary cortical neurons. Laser Surg Med. 2011;43:851–859. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Chung H, Dai T, Sharma SK, et al. The nuts and bolts of low-level laser (light) therapy. Ann Biomed Eng. 2012;40:516–533. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Omar MTA, Shaheen AAM, Zofar H. A systematic review of the effect of low-level laser therapy on the management of breast cancer-related lymphedema. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20:2977–2984. [PubMed]
Stergioulas A. Low level laser treatment can reduce edema in second degree ankle sprain. J Clin Las Med Surg. 2004;22:125–128. [PubMed]
Aimbre F, Albertini R, Pacheco MTT, et al. Low-level laser therapy induces dose-dependent reduction in TNFa levels in acute inflammation. Photomed Laser Surg. 2006;24:33–37. [PubMed]
Chow RT, David MA, Armati PJ. 830 nm laser irradiation induces varicosity formation, reduces mitochondrial membrane potential and block fast axonal flow in small and medium diameter rat dorsal root ganglion neurons: implications or analgesia effects of 830 laser. J Peripher Nerv Syst. 2007;12:28–39. [PubMed]
Chow RT, Johnson M, Lopes-Martins RAB, et al. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the management of neck pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo or active-treatment controlled trials. Lancet. 2009;374:1987–1908. [PubMed]
Konstantinovic LM, Cutovic MR, Milovanovic AN, et al. Low-level laser therapy for acute neck pain with radiculopathy; a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized study. Pain Med. 2010;11:1169–1178. [PubMed]
Chen K-H, Hong C-2, Kuo FC, et al. Electrophysiologic effects of a therapeutic laser on myofascial trigger spots of rabbit skeletal muscles. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2008;87:1006–1014. [PubMed]
Smith K, Heckert R, Gerst H, et al. Light promotes regeneration and functional recovery and alters the immune response after spinal cord injury. Laser Surg Med. 2005;36:171–185. [PubMed]
Silveira PC, Do Silva LA, Pinho CA, et al. Effects of low-level laser therapy (Ga As) in an animal model of muscular damage induced by trauma. Laser Med Sci. 2013;28:431–436. [PubMed]
Tumilty S, Munn J, McDonough S, et al. Low level laser treatment of tendinopathy: a systematic review with meta analysis. Photomed Laser Surg. 2010;28:3–16. [PubMed]
Bjordal JM, Lopes-Martins RA, Joensen J, et al. A systematic review with procedural assessments and meta-analysis of low-level laser therapy in lateral elbow tendinopathy (tennis elbow). BMC Musculoskeletal Discord. 2008;9:75. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Huang YY, Sharma SK, Carroll JD, et al. Biphasic dose respone in low-level light therapy – an update. Dose Response. 2011;9:607–618. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
Bjordal JM, Johnson MI, Iversen V, et al. Low-level laser therapy in acute pain: a systematic review of possible mechanism of action and clinical effects in randomized placebo-controlled trials. Photomed Laser Surg. 2006;2:158–168. [PubMed]
Stergioulas A, Stergioulas M, Aarkog R, et al. Effects of low level laser therapy and eccentric exercise in the treatment of recreational athletes with chronic Achilles tendinopathy. Am J Sports Med. 2008;36:881–887. [PubMed]
Hopkins JT, McLoda TA, Seegmiller JG, et al. Low-level laser therapy facilitates superficial wound healing in humans: a triple blind sham controlled study. J Athl Train. 2004;39:223–229. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
De Marchi T, Leal Junior E, Bartoli C, et al. Low-level therapy (LLLT) in human progressive-intensity running; effects on exercise performance, skeletal muscle status, and oxidative stress. Laser Med Sci. 2012;27:231–236. [PubMed]
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Clinical practice guidelines on the treatment of carpal treatment syndrome. 2008. Available online at: http//www.aaos.org/research/guidelines/CTSTreatmentGuideline.pdf. Last accessed September 2011.
Healing the Body with Photobiomodulation, Mercola.com
J Rheumatol. 2000 Aug;27(8):1961-9. Low Level Laser therapy for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: a metaanalysis. Brosseau L1, Welch V, Wells G, Tugwell P, de Bie R, Gam A, Harman K, Shea B, Morin M
Wisconsin Academy of Science and Arts. Light as medicine, Photons give cells energy, plus a whole lot more. Magazine Winter 2014
Alves AC, Vieira RP, Leal-Junior EC, Dos Santos SA, Ligeiro AP, Albertini R, Junior JA, de Carvalho PD. Effect of low level laser therapy on the expression of inflammatory mediators and on neutrophils and macrophages in acute joint inflammation. Arthritis Res Treat. 2013;15:R116. doi: 10.1186/ar4296. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef]
Arden N, Nevitt MC. Osteoarthritis: epidemiology. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2006;15:3–25. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2005.09.007. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
Cheng DS, Visco CJ. Pharmaceutical therapy for osteoarthritis. PM R. 2012;15:S82–S88. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2012.02.009. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
Chung H, Dai T, Sharma SK, Huang YY, Carroll JD, Hamblin MR. The nuts and bolts of low-level laser (light) therapy. Ann Biomed Eng. 2012;15:516–533. doi: 10.1007/s10439-011-0454-7. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef]
Chen AC, Arany PR, Huang YY, Tomkinson EM, Sharma SK, Kharkwal GB, Saleem T, Mooney D, Yull FE, Blackwell TS, Hamblin MR. Low-level laser therapy activates NF-kB via generation of reactive oxygen species in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. PLoS ONE. 2011;15:e22453. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022453. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef]
Brosseau L, Welch V, Wells G, DeBie R, Gam A, Harman K, Morin M, Shea B, Tugwell P. Low level laser therapy (Classes I, II and III) for treating osteoarthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;15 CD002046. [PubMed
Bjordal JM, Bogen B, Lopes-Martins RA, Klovning A. Can Cochrane Reviews in controversial areas be biased? A sensitivity analysis based on the protocol of a Systematic Cochrane Review on low-level laser therapy in osteoarthritis. Photomed Laser Surg. 2005;15:453–458. doi: 10.1089/pho.2005.23.453. [PubMed] [CrossRef]
Castano AP, Dai T, Yaroslavsky I, Cohen R, Apruzzese WA, Smotrich MH, Hamblin MR. Low-level laser therapy for zymosan-induced arthritis in rats: importance of illumination time. Lasers Surg Med. 2007;15:543–550. doi: 10.1002/lsm.20516. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef]
da Rosa AS, dos Santos AF, da Silva MM, Facco GG, Perreira DM, Alves AC, Leal Junior EC, de Carvalho Pde T. Effects of low-level laser therapy at wavelengths of 660 and 808 nm in experimental model of osteoarthritis. Photochem Photobiol. 2012;15:161–166. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.01032.x. [PubMed] [CrossRef
Cidral-Filho FJ, Mazzardo-Martins L, Martins DF, Santos AR. Light-emitting diode therapy induces analgesia in a mouse model of postoperative pain through activation of peripheral opioid receptors and the L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway. Lasers Med Sci. 2013. Epub ahead of print. [PubMed]
